Avignon Paps: The former center of the Catholic Church

Avignon is a French city in the Southeast of the Southeast of France, a French city of D’Azur. Rhône has a population of 90,000 people located on the left bank of the River. This small city has a unique feature that allows visitors to be in the Middle Ages.

Many medieval signs such as palace, city walls, churches and other medieval structures, the city itself became the UNESCO World Heritage site in 1995. Many visitors with direct trains from Paris can easily visit the city and postponed.

However, today’s article became the center of a Catholic Church for less than a century in the 14th century. Despite the fact that Christianity is the center, the Middle Ages have a serious impact on the current day of the city.

What is Avignon papation and why did it happen?

Avignon papacia refers to 1309 to 1377, 7 Pop transferred his residence to Avignon from Rome. Avignon Papacion, France and Papa Boniface VIII Khen Phillip IV occurred confrontation. In 1301, King Phillip IV arrested the bishop of the divorce of the paps, as a result, Pope Boniface Leaves Boniface VIII, all the privileges given to the French king.

After the death of the Pope Boniface VIII, King Phillip IV used the effect to choose Clement V as a new Pope. However, this result was considered by the novel community to make the Pope’s papeless decision to move Pope to Avignon, the Pope’s capital.

The French church in the Catholic Church, especially Pope Clementin, had a great impact on 134 cardinals from France. The French monarchy sometimes has a strong impact on the protection of the independence of the pap. Throughout history, there were 6 Avignonese Pop in 1309-1377:

• Clement v (1305-1314)
• John XXII (1316-1334)
• Benedict XII (1334-1342)
• Clement VI (1342-1352)
• Innocent vi (1352-1362)
• Urban V (1362-1370)
• Gregory Xi (1370-1378)

Achievement of Avignon Paps

Despite the bad reputation, Avignon Papacion was not empty during this period (Muhaj, 2017). They made some efforts to improve the situation of Christianity and peace between Christians. Here are some successes as a result of a hatter:

• Management reform: Extensive reorganization and centralization of papal administrative offices and other institutions. Especially when Pope John XXII (1316-1334) saved the Catholic Church by creating a great reserve in the treasury. This also presented a suitable method to write all the income for the papacy, helps to prevent corruption in the Catholic Church and increase efficiency in administrative work.
• Expansion of the missionary: During the power of Pope John Xxii, he presented reforms and expanded missionary enterprises for the clergy. In the following years of the Pope, XII (1334-1342) Benedict (1334-1342), he successfully sent Missionaries to China.
• Great emphasis on education preached during this period. Popes set up a boarding school in the southern part of France. In addition, the papa was distributed many benefits to support university students within Bologna, Montpellier, Paris, Perugia and Toulouse.
• Peaceful mediation: Papa Pope was very active in meditation of peace efforts between France and Britain during Benedict XII. In addition, Pope successfully Castillian sought confrontation between Spanish and Portugal. Peace between Spain and Portugal Rio Salado battle played an important role in the victory against Moors.

The end of the Paps of Avignon

Fine, Siena and Sweden’s St. Bridget’s Holy Bridget played an important role in convincing Pope Gregory XI to return to Rome. Finally, Pope Gregory decided to return to Rome on January 17, 1377. However, the pope’s stay in Rome and drew more military and riots among people. Pope Gregory Xi died in March 1378 before returning to Avignona. Its death shows the end of the Avignon Paps.

How does the Avignon Papulation affect modern Avignona?

The 67th anniversary of Avignon’s papacy changed the city and left an important sign in the city. Many construction and repair work occurred during this period. The city is one of several French cities that protect its reinforced city walls. Many people called the city ‘called’La Cité Des Hats‘(City of Popes).

Some buildings made during the Awignon papacia were the World Heritage of UNESCO in 1995. Palais de Papes, Avignon Cathedral and Museee Du Petit Palais were considered important sites in 14 and 15 centuries. All these signs played a vital role in forming a great tourist attraction of the city’s domestic and international tourists.

Palais de Papes (Popes Palace)

The Pope’s Pope John XXII has started construction of Palais de Hat during the rule of XXII. He then launched an episcopal residence associated with a cathedral, which became a pontifiable residence. It took about 20 years to complete the construction of the largest Gothic Palace.

The palace was a combination of two palaces built of two pop, Pope XII (Palaiies vieux) built (Palaiies Vieux) and its successor built the new palace (Palais Neuf). After completing the entirest, 11,000 m2 occupied the area. Due to the mass size, the palace was used for both church activities and administrative positions.

Pope left Avignon in 1377 and returned to Rome, the city was empty. In the next few years, Geoffrey conquered the Papal forces under Boucicaut and seized the city. Only in 1433, Papal Legates, restored the city in its control. Despite the management of the city, the palace gradually deteriorated in the next hundred years.

In 1789, in the event of the French Revolution, the Revolutionary Forces seized the palace and fired. There was a massacre for the fight against the revolutionary forces. After the end of the French Revolution, Napoleon managed the palace and turned its function to a military barracks and prison. In 1906, the French government changed the program to the National Museum.

Museee du petit palais

The 14th century was built as the residence of Avignon bishops. However, the function of this building has become a museum and art gallery. From Italy, early Renaissance paintings bring an exceptional collection. According to the date, the palace was the World Heritage of UNESCO in 1995 with the Pope Palace.

Cardinal Berengat Fredor, the construction of the elderly Petit of Palais was launched around 1318-1320. After the end of the Population of Avignon, he suffered badly during the use of a fortified castle in 1396 and was destroyed in 1411.

During the French Revolution, the government sold this building and became Catholic secondary school in 1826. Other mass recovery work, in 1961, a mass restoration of Jean Sonnie’s restoration of Petit Palais has occurred. In 1976, the memory of the building began, and this was turned into a national museum.

Avignon cathedral

Another avignon is a preservative cathedral, located next to Palais Des hat. Today, the archbishop of the cathedral Avignon was the seat. The cathedral is a Romanesque building starting in the 12th century.

The building was abandoned during the revolution in a very bad situation, as other signs during the French Revolution. Only in 1822, Arch Bishop Celestin had a mass recovery of the dupont cathedral. The statue of the virgin Mary was a significant feature of the restored cathedral at the beginning of the Bell Tower.

In addition, in 1995, the cathedral was recognized by the Palais Des Hat and the Museee Du Petit Palais, as a world heritage site. The cathedral is important as a prominent architecture in the Middle Ages.

References:

https://www.thouthco.com/the-avignon-papacy-789454

https://www.avigignon-et-provence.com/en/celliits-provence/popes-avignon

https://worcestercathedrallibrary.wordpress.com/2021/10/10/10/10/the-avignon-papacy-d-theat-schism/

Curta, Florin and Andrew Holt. Large events in religion. Ardian Muhaj was edited by the volume. 2, Santa Barbara, ABC-Clio, LLC, January 1, 2017, p. 631-632.